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【每日一文】双语:我国空间站内发现新物种 A Novel Species Has Been Reported inside the Tiangong Space Station.

【 发布日期:2025-05-28】【 点击数:1 】



Chinese scientists have reported the discovery of a previously unknown strain inside the Tiangong space station, marking the first time a novel species has been reported from China's orbital habitat. The strain, officially named Niallia tiangongensis, was described in a peer-reviewed paper published in the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology.

近日,科研人员首次公布在我国空间站发现的一个微生物新物种,并将其命名为“天宫尼尔菌(Niallia tiangongensis)”,相关科研成果在线发表于国际权威期刊《International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology》上。

1discovery  / dɪˈskʌvəri/ n. 发现(专升本词汇)

例句:The discovery of a new planet has excited astronomers worldwide.

一颗新行星的发现令全世界的天文学家兴奋不已。——牛津高阶英汉双解词典

2strain  / streɪn/ n. 菌株;品种(专升本词汇)

例句:Scientists are studying a new strain of wheat that resists drought.

科学家们正在研究一种抗旱的小麦新品种。——柯林斯高阶英语学习词典

3peer-reviewed / pɪr rɪˈvjuːd/ adj. 同行评审的

例句:Her research was published in a peer-reviewed journal.

她的研究发表在一本经过同行评审的期刊上——剑桥英语词典

The work forms part of CHAMP, an ongoing, full-cabin monitoring effort that tracks microbial dynamics during long-term station operations. In May 2023, the Shenzhou-15 crew collected surface swabs across multiple modules, freezing the samples in-orbit before returning them to Earth for genomic and metabolic analysis.

20235月,神舟十五号航天员乘组利用无菌采样擦巾对空间站舱内表面微生物进行在轨采集和低温储存。下行后,经过地面实验分析,科研人员发现了一种全新的微生物物种——天宫尼尔菌。该研究综合运用了形态观察、基因组测序、系统发育分析和代谢分析等多学科手段,最终确认了这一独特物种。

4microbial / maɪˈkroʊbiəl/  adj.微生物的

例句:Microbial activity is essential for breaking down organic matter.

微生物活动对分解有机物至关重要。——朗文当代高级英语辞典

5genomic / dʒəˈnoʊmɪk/ adj. 基因组的

例句:Genomic research has revolutionized our understanding of genetics.

基因组研究彻底改变了我们对遗传学的理解。——韦氏高阶英语词典

Researchers used high-resolution imaging, whole-genome sequencing, and phylogenetic comparative approaches to confirm that the strain belongs to the genus Niallia within the family Cytobacillaceae but is genetically distinct from its closest terrestrial relatives.

微生物凭借独特的生物学机制巧妙地适应着空间环境的压力,而空间环境也通过选择压力反过来塑造微生物的代谢和生理特征。此次发现的天宫尼尔菌是一类革兰氏阳性的产芽孢细菌,隶属于细胞杆菌科(Cytobacillaceae)尼尔属(Niallia),与近缘物种相比,天宫尼尔菌在适应空间环境方面表现出色。

6comparative / faɪlə.dʒəˈnet.ɪk/ adj. 比较的;相比之下的;相对的(专升本词汇)

例句:She made a comparative study of the educational systems in different countries.

她对不同国家的教育体系进行了比较研究。——牛津高阶英汉双解词典

7distinct  /dɪˈstɪŋkt/ adj. 明显不同的;独特的 (专升本词汇)

例句:The two cultures have distinct traditions and customs.

这两种文化有着截然不同的传统和习俗。——牛津高阶英汉双解词典

8terrestrial /təˈrestriəl/ adj. 地球的;陆地的

例句:Most plants are terrestrial, but some grow in water.

大多数植物是陆生的,但有些生长在水中。——柯林斯高阶英语学习词典

The discovery offers two major takeaways. First, decoding the microbe's survival mechanism could guide precisely targeted control strategies, helping engineers design interventions for spacecraft, agriculture, industry and medicine. Second, the species' ability to break down specific organic compounds suggests new, sustainable methods for converting waste into useful resources, both in orbit and on Earth.

天宫尼尔菌在空间站环境中展现出独特的生存与适应能力,这一发现为科研人员带来了全新的启示:其空间环境适应机制不仅能助力定向的微生物控制策略设计,为航天、农业、工业和医疗等领域提供精准的干预思路;在空间微生物资源利用方面也存在惊喜——其对一些有机物的利用能力,为这些物质的可持续利用开辟了全新路径。

9interventions /ˌɪntərˈvenʃənz/ n.(复数) 干预;介入

例句:Early interventions can improve outcomes for children with learning difficulties.

早期干预可以改善有学习困难儿童的状况。——朗文当代高级英语辞典

10sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbl/ adj. 可持续的(专升本词汇)

例句:We need to adopt more sustainable practices to protect the environment.

我们需要采用更可持续的做法来保护环境。——剑桥英语词典

With Tiangong's continuous operation, a "bumper harvest" of novel genetic and metabolic discoveries is anticipated, which added that insights gained in orbit could lead to new applications on Earth.

空间站平台为微生物新物种的发现和研究提供了独一无二的条件。随着空间站的长期运营,围绕微生物的活性物质、基因资源和代谢功能的研究有望迎来一次“大丰收”,这也将为地球上的科学研究和应用带来了新的发展机遇。

11continuous /kənˈtɪnjuəs/ adj. 连续的;持续的;不间断的(专升本词汇)

例句: The brain needs a continuous supply of oxygen.

大脑需要持续的氧气供应。——牛津高阶英汉双解词典